Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Cellular Markers

Paraffin sections were incubated with primary antibodies against ADAR1(1:200, sc-73408, SANTA CRUZ BIOTECHNOLOGY, USA), CALR (1:100; 27298-1-AP; Proteintech, China), β-catenin (1:200; 51067-2-AP; Proteintech, China), E-cadherin (1:150; ab231303; Abcam, USA), MMP2 (1:150; ab92536; Abcam, USA), MMP9(1:100; 10375-2-AP; Proteintech, China), TGFβ (1:100; 21898-1-AP; Proteintech, China) and Vimentin (1:100; 10366-1-AP; Proteintech, China) at 4 ℃ overnight. Then, the sections were incubated with secondary antibodies conjugated with HRP (#SPN-9100; ZSGB-BIO, Beijing, China) at room temperature for 1 h. The sections were stained through a DAB kit (#ZLI-9018; ZSGB-BIO, Beijing, China). The immunohistochemical scores were achieved by two experienced pathologists in a double-blinded manner, as previously described 17 (link).