For measuring the accuracy of size and zeta potential measurement, 60 nm plain, carboxyl and amine modified particles were prepared at a concentration of 0.02 mg/ml in distilled water.
To evaluate the different sequences of preparation steps, a TiO2 (rutile) stock solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.02 mg/ml in distilled water with or without sonication with 4.2 × 105 kJ/m3 specific energy. Thirty μl of HSA (end concentration 1.5 mg/ml) or Tween 80 (end concentration 0.1%) was given to 870 μl of dispersion before or after the addition of 100 μl of a 10 × concentrated PBS solution.
The TiO2 (rutile) dispersion was also prepared in a similar way using RPMI 1640 cell culture medium and with the addition of other dispersion stabilizers, i.e. 1.5 mg/ml mouse serum albumin, 1.5 mg/ml bovine serum albumin, 0.1% Tween 80, or 30 μl mouse serum.
The effect of different TiO2 (rutile) and HSA concentrations was tested at TiO2 (rutile) concentrations of 0.002, 0.02, 0.2, 2 mg/ml and HSA concentrations of 0.0015, 0.015, 0.15, 1.5, and15 mg/ml.
The stability of 0.02 mg/ml TiO2 (rutile) dispersions made by sonication with 4.2 × 105 kJ/m3 energy and addition of 1.5 mg/ml HSA followed by addition of PBS was measured for 1 week.
Dispersions were also made from TiO2 (anatase), ZnO, SWNT, MWNT, silver, SiOx, and SRM 2975 diesel nanoparticles by preparing a 0.02 mg/ml stock solution, sonicating with 4.2 × 105 kJ/m3 specific ultrasound energy, adding of 1.5 mg/ml HSA, 0.1% Tween, or 30 μl serum prior to addition of concentrated PBS.
To evaluate the different sequences of preparation steps, a TiO2 (rutile) stock solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.02 mg/ml in distilled water with or without sonication with 4.2 × 105 kJ/m3 specific energy. Thirty μl of HSA (end concentration 1.5 mg/ml) or Tween 80 (end concentration 0.1%) was given to 870 μl of dispersion before or after the addition of 100 μl of a 10 × concentrated PBS solution.
The TiO2 (rutile) dispersion was also prepared in a similar way using RPMI 1640 cell culture medium and with the addition of other dispersion stabilizers, i.e. 1.5 mg/ml mouse serum albumin, 1.5 mg/ml bovine serum albumin, 0.1% Tween 80, or 30 μl mouse serum.
The effect of different TiO2 (rutile) and HSA concentrations was tested at TiO2 (rutile) concentrations of 0.002, 0.02, 0.2, 2 mg/ml and HSA concentrations of 0.0015, 0.015, 0.15, 1.5, and15 mg/ml.
The stability of 0.02 mg/ml TiO2 (rutile) dispersions made by sonication with 4.2 × 105 kJ/m3 energy and addition of 1.5 mg/ml HSA followed by addition of PBS was measured for 1 week.
Dispersions were also made from TiO2 (anatase), ZnO, SWNT, MWNT, silver, SiOx, and SRM 2975 diesel nanoparticles by preparing a 0.02 mg/ml stock solution, sonicating with 4.2 × 105 kJ/m3 specific ultrasound energy, adding of 1.5 mg/ml HSA, 0.1% Tween, or 30 μl serum prior to addition of concentrated PBS.
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