Patients with AUD (n=66) were enrolled from April 2017 until January 2019 at St. Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, as described before.7 (link) The study protocol conforms to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the institution’s human research and ethical committee (Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; B403201422657). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients and healthy volunteers.
Standard biochemical serum studies, including measurement of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, were performed at the clinical laboratory associated with St. Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.7 (link) Serum caspase-cleaved and intact cytokeratin 18 (CK18-M65) was used to assess liver cell necrosis and apoptosis (CK18-M65 ELISA kit; TECO medical AG, Sissach, Switzerland).7 (link),18 (link),19 (link)
Fecal DNA extraction, sequencing, and analysis was performed as previously described and data presented in this study have been reanalyzed.7 (link) Raw sequences from ITS2 gene sequencing were registered previously at NCBI under BioProject PRJNA703732 (refer tohttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/?term=PRJNA703732 ), as described.7 (link)
Standard biochemical serum studies, including measurement of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, were performed at the clinical laboratory associated with St. Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.7 (link) Serum caspase-cleaved and intact cytokeratin 18 (CK18-M65) was used to assess liver cell necrosis and apoptosis (CK18-M65 ELISA kit; TECO medical AG, Sissach, Switzerland).7 (link),18 (link),19 (link)
Fecal DNA extraction, sequencing, and analysis was performed as previously described and data presented in this study have been reanalyzed.7 (link) Raw sequences from ITS2 gene sequencing were registered previously at NCBI under BioProject PRJNA703732 (refer to
