p16-3MR mice (15 (link)) were maintained in the AALAC-accredited Buck Institute for Research on Aging (Novato, CA, USA) animal facility. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. p16-3MR mice were bred in-house. For in vivo luminescence and tissue extraction, both male and female mice were used. For all the other experiments, female mice were used. For Doxo treatments, 10–16 wk old p16-3MR mice were injected intraperitoneal (i.p.) once with 2, 10 or 25 mg/kg of doxorubicin hydrochloride (Sigma Aldrich) in PBS, and treated 5 d later with vehicle or GCV. GCV was administered via daily i.p. injections for 5 consecutive days at 25 mg/kg in PBS. Control mice were injected with an equal volume of PBS. For Paclitaxel treatments, 10–16 wk old p16-3MR mice were injected 3 times i.p. with 10 mg/kg of Paclitaxel (Sigma Aldrich) in PBS/5% DMSO, and treated 5 days later with vehicle or GCV. GCV was administered via daily i.p. injections for 5 consecutive days at 25 mg/kg in PBS. Control mice were injected with an equal volume of PBS. For Temozolomide treatments, 10–16 wk old p16-3MR mice were injected 3 times i.p. with 50 mg/kg (Sigma Aldrich) in PBS/5% DMSO/0.1% Tween. For Cisplatin treatments, 10–16 wk old p16-3MR mice were injected 3 times i.p. with 2.3 mg/kg (Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale NY, USA) in PBS/1% DMSO.
MMTV-PyMT-fLUC cells (105) were injected into the inguinal mammary fat pad. Surgical removal was done under total body anesthesia (isofluorane), and wounds were closed with metal stitches. Analgesia was injected subcutaneously pre-surgery and up to 48 hours post-surgery (buprenorphine).