To measure relative levels of cytosolic free Ca2+, cells were stained with 3 mmol/L Fluo-4-AM for 25 min, washed twice with Dulbecco phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS), resuspended in DPBS without Ca2+, Mg2+ (if not otherwise indicated) plus 20 mmol/L HEPES and maintained at 37C while treating the cells as indicated and analyzing by BD FACSVerse flow cytometer (FL-1 channel).
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