Expression and purification of SARS-CoV-2 ectodomains were conducted as previously described26 (link). Briefly, constructs encoded the SARS-CoV-2 S ectodomain (residues 16-1206 of the early SARS-CoV-2 GenBank MN985325.1 sequence isolate with 2P35 (link) or 6P36 (link) stabilizing mutations, a mutated furin cleavage site between S1 and S2, a C-terminal TEV site, foldon trimerization motif, octa-His tag, and AviTag) were used to express soluble SARS-CoV-2 S ectodomains. Constructs encoding the SARS-CoV-2 RBD from GenBank MN985325.1 (residues 331-524 with C-terminal octa-His tag and AviTag) and mutant RBDs were made as described26 (link), SARS-CoV-2 2P S, 6P S, and RBD proteins were purified from the supernatants of transiently-transfected Expi293F cells (Gibco) by nickel affinity and size-exclusion chromatography26 (link). Peak fractions were identified by SDS-PAGE, and fractions corresponding to S trimers or monomeric RBDs were pooled and stored at 4°C. Fabs and IgGs were expressed, purified, and stored as described45 ,46 .