6-shogaol (98% purity, analytical-grade reagent) was purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation (Shanghai, China). Curcumin was obtained from J&K Scientific Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). Ginger extractive (10% gingerol) was purchased from Nanjing Zelang Biological Technology Co. Ltd. (Nanjing, China). mPEG2K-LA was synthesized in our laboratory [32 (link)]. (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and trypsin were provided by the Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Jiangsu, China). Diagnostic kits for assaying serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were purchased from Nanjing Jian Cheng Bioengineering institute (Nanjing, China). Chromatographically pure methanol and acetonitrile were procured from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Technology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
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