Evaluating Wound Healing Properties of Biomaterials

The cell culture experiments were performed using normal human skin fibroblasts, i.e., BJ cell line (ATCC, London, UK), as it is known as a good model for the evaluation of wound healing in vitro [33 (link),38 (link),39 (link),40 (link),41 ]. The cells were grown in EMEM medium with an addition of 10% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin. According to ATCC directions, BJ cells were cultured at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO₂ and 95% air (Heraeus cytoperm 2, Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). To assess fibroblast response to the tested biomaterials, the liquid extracts from the samples of curdlan-based biomaterials and KALTOSTAT^® specimens were prepared according to ISO 10993-5:2009 standard directions [37 ], as described in Section 2.8. For evaluation of cell viability, extracts were prepared using EMEM supplemented with 2% FBS, while extracts obtained in EMEM with an addition of 10% FBS was applied for estimation of cell proliferation. As a control extract, appropriate EMEM medium (with 2% or 10% FBS) incubated without biomaterials was utilized. The ISO 10993-5:2009 standard guidelines [37 ] are commonly applied for the evaluation of biological properties in vitro of biomaterials with biomedical potential [33 (link),34 (link),42 (link),43 (link),44 (link)].