Tissue Microarray Construction and Immunohistochemical Analysis for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Tissue microarray (TMA) construction and immunohistochemical analysis were conducted as described previously.^{19 (link)} Briefly, a TMA containing primary tumor specimens from 154 patients with PDA was obtained from the PDA Tissue Bank at Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People’s Hospital (Shanghai, People’s Republic of China). In addition to 154 primary tumor specimens, the TMA contained 34 matched tumor-adjacent tissue specimens and 22 normal tissue specimens. The use of archived human PDA tissues was approved by MD Anderson Cancer Center institutional review board. The TMA was prepared and processed for immunostaining with anti-Met (#8198; Cell Signaling) and anti-FOXM1 (WH0002305M2; Sigma) antibodies. The staining results were scored by two investigators blinded to the clinical data as described previously.^{23 (link)}