Culturing Kidney Cell Lines for Research

Human normal kidney cell line HK-2 and ccRCC cell lines OSRC-2, Caki-1, SN12-PM6, A498, and SW839 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). All the cell lines were frozen in liquid nitrogen after the first 3 passages with 60 ampules of cell stock. After an ampule was thawed, cells were used within 15 passages in every designed experiment. OSRC-2-luciferase was established in previous study [25 (link)]. The cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA) supplemented with 10% FBS (GIBCO, Brazil), penicillin (25 units/ml), streptomycin (25 g/ml), and 1% L-glutamine at 37 °C with 5% CO2.