CYBA (gene encoding p22phox) knockdown was performed by lentiviral transduction of shRNA as previously described.31 (link), 32 (link) Briefly, lentiviral shRNA constructs in the pLKO.1 Puro vector (Open Biosystems, Thermo Fisher Scientific) were ordered. Targets (sense) used for these studies were scrambled control (Ctrl) 5’- GTCTCCGAACGTGT CACGTT-3’ and CYBA (TRCN0000064581) 5’-CGCTTCACCCAGTGGTACTTT-3’. 3.5×106 HEK293T cells, which were used to generate viral particles, were plated on a tissue culture treated 10cm dish the day before transfection. One 10cm plate was transfected per shRNA construct by the calcium phosphate method using the following constructs: 6 μg control or CYBA shRNA construct, 0.6 μg vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G), and 5.4 μg cytomegalovirus (CMV 8.9.1). Supernatant was collected after 72 hr. and centrifuged to remove debris. 1×106 PLB-985 were mixed with the viral supernatant in the presence of 4 μg/ml polybrene in a 6 well plate and centrifuged at 1000× g in a swinging bucket centrifuge for 30 minutes at 32°C. Stable lines were created by selection of transduced cells with 1 μg/ml puromycin.