The cultivars ‘Frantoio’, ‘Changlot Real’ and ‘Empeltre’, considered resistant to Verticillium wilt, were selected as principal genitors (Trapero et al., 2013b (link); García-Ruiz et al., 2015 (link)). Cultivars ‘Picual’, ‘Arbequina’, ‘Arbosana’ and ‘Koroneiki’ were also used as genitors combined with resistant cultivars to provide valuable agronomic characteristics, such as high oil content, fruit load, oil quality or early production (Diez et al., 2016 (link); Barranco, 2017 ).
Controlled and open pollination crosses were conducted annually over almost a decade from 2008 to 2017. Directed crosses were performed in the spring by applying male pollen to previously bagged branches with flowers according to Rallo et al. (2018) (link). In total, 154 crosses were performed, and 13,892 new genotypes were evaluated for resistance to V. dahliae (Table 1).
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