For cytotoxicity assay, cells (1 × 104 cells/well) were put into a 96-well plate and exposed to serial CTX dilutions for 48 h. After 10 μL CCK-8 (BestBio, China) was added into each well, the cells were cultured for another 2 h. Then, absorbance was detected with Microplate Reader (Thermo Scientific) at 450 nm. Finally, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated based on dose-response curves by nonlinear regression analysis with GraphPad Prism 6.0 [20 (link)].
To assess cell viability, CCK-8 solution was added to each well at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after transfection. Then, the cell viability was also examined as above.