Ten milliliters of venous blood were collected in EDTA as a source of peripheral blood leukocytes. Genomic DNA was extracted and purified according to established protocols35 (link),44 (link) by using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Five of the eight candidate STRs (TAAA-ACTG2, GAAA-GRHL2, TTTTG-TRIB1, TG-PCA3, CAAAA-MXI1, GAAA-PTGIS, and TTTTTG-PRUNE2) were genotyped in 40 individuals using the Applied Biosystems 3500 Genetic Analyser. Briefly, 40 cycles of PCR were carried out using the Multiplex PCR kit (QIAGEN) and fluorescently labelled primers (Supplementary Table S6) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. STR allele sizes were determined using GeneMapper v.5.0 (Life Technologies). Homozygous PCR products were sequenced (AGRF) and used as positive controls for the GeneMapper Software analysis. Similarly, the prostate cancer patient and control cohorts were genotyped for the PCA3 dinucleotide repeat using the Applied Biosystems 3500 Genetic Analyser.
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