The genome-wide portion of this study included unrelated cases from our three generalized vitiligo GWAS: GWAS14 (link) (n = 1514), GWAS26 (link) (n = 450), and the current GWAS3 (n = 1090). All cases were of non-Hispanic-Latino European-derived white ancestry (EUR) from North America and Europe, and met strict clinical criteria for generalized vitiligo59 . All controls were EUR individuals not specifically known to have any autoimmune disease or malignant melanoma, for whom genome-wide genotypes were obtained from the NCBI database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP; phs000092.v1.p1, phs000125.v1.p1, phs000138.v2.p1, phs000142.v1.p1, phs000168.v1.p1, phs000169.v1.p1, phs000206.v3.p2, phs000237.v1.p1, phs000346.v1.p1, and phs000439.v1.p1 for GWAS1; phs000203.v1.p1, and phs000289.v2.p1 for GWAS2; phs000196.v2.p1, phs000303.v1.p1, phs000304.v1.p1, phs000368.v1.p1, phs000381.v1.p1, phs000387.v1.p1, phs000389.v1.p1, phs000395.v1.p1, phs000408.v1.p1, phs000421.v1.p1, phs000494.v1.p1, and phs000524.v1.p1 for GWAS3). Control datasets were matched to each of the three GWAS case datasets based on platforms used for genotyping. The independent replication study included 1827 unrelated EUR vitiligo cases and 2181 unrelated EUR controls not included in any of the GWAS. All subjects provided written informed consent. This study was carried out under the jurisdiction of each local IRB with overall oversight of the Colorado Multiple Institutional Review Board (COMIRB).