Genomic DNA of the patient and her parents was extracted from peripheral blood using the QIAmp Blood minikit (Qiagen, Venlo, the Netherlands). Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was applied to detect mutation. All samples were sequenced on an Illumina platform by Euler Genomics (Beijing, China). Synonymous changes and single nucleotide polymorphisms with minor allele frequency (MAF) higher than 5% were removed. Clinical significance and pathogenicity of the identified variant was interpreted according to the guidelines set by the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) [25 (link)], and was further validated by Sanger sequencing. Three-dimensional model of the variant compared with the wild-type was predicted by Swiss model. The human SATB2 cDNA and the mutant SATB2 cDNA with Flag-tag were cloned into pcDNA3.1 expression vector respectively.
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