UV spectra were recorded on an Ultraspec 8000 spectrometer (GE, Pittsburgh, PA, USA). NMR data were recorded at 400 MHz for 1H and 100 MHz for 13C with Varian Inova NMR spectrometers (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA). HRMS spectra were recorded on an AB SCIEX Q-TOF 5600 System (AB Sciex, Framingham, MA, USA). Analytic HPLC was performed with Dionex Ultimate 3000 or Agilent 1200. Semipreparative HPLC was performed with a Waters 600 controller and pump (Milford, MA) equipped with a 996 diode array detector, 717 plus autosampler, and an Apollo C18 column (250 × 10 mm, 5 µm) purchased from Grace (Deerfield, IL). All solvents used were of HPLC grade and purchased from Fisher Scientific. Muraymycins D1-D4 were isolated from Streptomyces sp. NRRL 30475 as described.29 (link) The synthesis and analytical characterization of 11a,16 (link)12,17 (link),24 ,26 (link)13a,18 (link) and 13b,18 (link) have been previously reported (Figure S24-S27).