We studied the host genetics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in participants of the UK Biobank study, which took place between 2006 and 2010 and includes approximately 500,000 adults aged 40–69 at recruitment. In collaboration with UK health authorities, the UK Biobank has made available regular updates on COVID-19 status for all participants, including results from four main data types: qPCR test for SARS-CoV-2, anonymized electronic health records, primary care and death registry data. We report results based on phenotype data downloaded on the 4th January 2021 and excluded from the analysis 28,547 individuals with a death registry event prior to 2020. DNA samples were genotyped as described previously32 (link) using the Applied Biosystems UK BiLEVE Axiom Array (N=49,950) or the closely related Applied Biosystems UK Biobank Axiom Array (N=438,427). Genotype data for variants not included in the arrays were inferred using the TOPMed reference panel, as described above.
Horowitz J.E., Kosmicki J.A., Damask A., Sharma D., Roberts G.H., Justice A.E., Banerjee N., Coignet M.V., Yadav A., Leader J.B., Marcketta A., Park D.S., Lanche R., Maxwell E., Knight S.C., Bai X., Guturu H., Sun D., Baltzell A., Kury F.S., Backman J.D., Girshick A.R., O’Dushlaine C., McCurdy S.R., Partha R., Mansfield A.J., Turissini D.A., Li A.H., Zhang M., Mbatchou J., Watanabe K., Gurski L., McCarthy S.E., Kang H.M., Dobbyn L., Stahl E., Verma A., Sirugo G., Ritchie M.D., Jones M., Balasubramanian S., Siminovitch K., Salerno W.J., Shuldiner A.R., Rader D.J., Mirshahi T., Locke A.E., Marchini J., Overton J.D., Carey D.J., Habegger L., Cantor M.N., Rand K.A., Hong E.L., Reid J.G., Ball C.A., Baras A., Abecasis G.R, & Ferreira M.A. (2021). Genome-wide analysis in 756,646 individuals provides first genetic evidence that ACE2 expression influences COVID-19 risk and yields genetic risk scores predictive of severe disease. medRxiv.
COVID-19 outcomes (electronic health records, primary care and death registry data)
control variables
Participants of the UK Biobank study (adults aged 40-69 at recruitment)
Exclusion of individuals with a death registry event prior to 2020
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