The harvested cells were lysed in 1% NP-40, 125 mM Tris, pH 6.8, containing a protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). For western blotting, 25–50 µg total protein was loaded into 10–12% SDS-PAGE per lane and analyzed by immunoblotting as described previously [46 (link)]. The primary antibodies included: TfR1 antibody (cat#136,800) from Zymed (San Francisco, CA), SDHB (cat#ab178423), cleaved-caspase3 (cat#ab179517) from Abcam (Cambridge, MA), ACO2 (cat#11134-1-AP), NDUFS1 (cat#12444-1-AP), UQCRFS1 (cat#1843-1-AP), NRF2 (cat#16396-1-AP), HO-1 (cat#66743-1-Ig) from Proteintech Group Inc. (Chicago, IN), anti-FTL, FTH, IRP1, and IRP2 (polyclonal, self-made, raised from rabbits) [47 (link)].
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