The mito-nanoparticles were designed and synthesized as discribed23 (link),57 (link). Mitochondria-targeting peptide was synthesized by CHENPEPTIDE Biotechnology Co Ltd (Nanjing, China). PSiCoR (Cat# 12084, Addgene) was used for shRNA expression, and modified PCDNA4 plasmid was used for mcPGK1 overexpression. The sequence of the mcPGK1 shRNA and overexpression was confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
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