Locust Jump Biomechanics Characterization

$$\mathrm{Linear}\mathrm{Velocity}\left(v\right)\left(\mathrm{m},/,\mathrm{s}\right)v=\sqrt{{\begin{array}{c}\left(\frac{\mathit{dx}}{\mathit{dt}}\right)\end{array}}^2+{\begin{array}{c}\left(\frac{\mathit{dy}}{\mathit{dt}}\right)\end{array}}^2}$$ $$\mathrm{Translational}\mathrm{Kinetic}\mathrm{Energy}\left({\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{T}}\right)\left(\mathrm{mJ}\right)KE=\frac{1}{2}m{v}^2$$ $$\mathrm{Angular}\mathrm{Velocity}\left(\dot{\mathrm{\theta }}\right)\left(\mathrm{rads}/\mathrm{s},{}^{}\right)\dot{\mathrm{\theta }}=\left(\frac{\mathrm{d}\theta }{\mathit{dt}}\right)$$ $$\mathrm{Rotational}\mathrm{Kinetic}\mathrm{Energy}\left({\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{R}}\right)\left(\mathrm{mJ}\right)RE=\frac{1}{2}I{\dot{\theta }}^2$$ $$\mathrm{Gravitational}\mathrm{Potential}\mathrm{Energy}(\mathrm{GPE})\left(\mathrm{mJ}\right)GPE=m.g.h$$ $$\mathrm{Inertia}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{Rod}\mathrm{about}\mathrm{its}\mathrm{centre}\left(I\right)(\mathrm{Kg}.{\mathrm{m}}^2)I=\frac{1}{12}{(Mass.Length}^2)$$
Excel was used for statistical analysis. On each graph, every point represents the mean value from multiple jumps from an individual locust. Data for animal 44 is presented as the mean + / − standard deviation. For all regression tests, p =  < 0.05 was used as the threshold value to signify statistical significance.
After take-off insects visibly decelerate. Therefore, in this study we only measured rotation rates immediately (10 ms) after take-off and did not measure subsequent deceleration.
In total, 44 locusts were used in this experiment. Each locust was filmed jumping a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 11 times, with the exception of animal 44 which was jumped 61 times. A total of 263 videos were used in the final analysis for this study. Summaries of the entire data set are presented as means + / − standard error. Parameters for the individual 44 locusts are, unless otherwise stated, the mean for that locust from its individual jumps. To analyse inter-individual variation, we filmed 61 consecutive jumps, over a three-hour period, from animal number 44. The mean from this individual is included in our data set (for a ‘N’ of 44 locusts), but its data point is shown on each graph in yellow with black standard error bars. Over the 61 jumps, there was no significant difference in take-off velocity or take-off angular velocity showing that the animal did not experience fatigue (data not shown).