Electroretinogram (ERG) was measured using an electrodiagnostic LKC system (UTAS-E 2000; LKC Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD, USA) to assess the function of the retina. Mice were dark adapted overnight before taking measurements for scotopic a-wave and b-wave responses.10 (link),16 (link) Scotopic rod measurements were recorded following white light flashes of increasing intensities of 0.025, 0.25, and 2.5 log cd·s/m2, at time intervals of 10, 20, and 30 seconds. For measurement of photopic cone responses, mice were light adapted to a white background for 10 minutes, followed by flashes of light stimulation at 0, 5, 10, and 25 log cd·s/m2 intensities. The trace amplitude between time 0 and the lowest point on the trace was considered the a-wave, and the amplitude between the lowest trace and the highest peak following oscillatory potentials was considered the b-wave.