Microinjection was performed as previously described (5 (link)). Two gene-specific MO-substituted antisense oligonucleotides (5′-AAAATATATGCATTCATGTTGATCA-3′) complementary to the start codon region of the sea urchin Cara7 gene and a second MO (5′-CGACCTTCAGATATATTCTCACAAA-3′) complementary to the 5′-untranslated region were obtained from Gene Tools. In addition, a scramble MO 5′-CCTCTTACCTCAGTTACAATTTATA-3′ that has no biological target in the sea urchin was used to obtain the control groups. The MOs were dissolved in injection Buffer (20 mM Hepes, 120 mM KCl, 24% glycerol, pH 8.0) and were injected into the freshly fertilized egg (one-cell stage) using a microinjection system (Picospritzer III, Parker) mounted on an inverse microscope (Zeiss Observer D1) equipped with a cooling stage.