Membrane and tissue homogenates were prepared as previously described.19 (link),50 (link) Briefly, Proteins were extracted by using total protein Extraction Kit (Millipore; Darmstadt, Germany). Protein concentration was determined using a Bradford assay. In all, 30 μg of proteins were then run on 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels and transferred on polyvinylidene difluoride membrane. Following primary antibodies were used for immunoblotting: GSK3β, GSK3β-Phosph(ser9), p53, Bax, CXCR4, SDF-1, and GAPDH. Proteins were visualized using HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies and exposed using chemiluminescent HRP substrate (Millipore, MA USA).