Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues was collected voluntary at baseline, DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline and C1D31 respectively, plasma and white blood cells DNA were extracted using the QIAamp Circulating Nucleic Acid Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and the Hipure Blood&Tissue DNA Kit (Magen Biotechnology, Guangzhou, China). The DNA obtained was captured by SureSelect XT-HS Target Enrichment System (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) using a 212-gene panel (Table S1, Repugene Technology, Hangzhou, China) for all samples. The constructed libraries were sequenced with mean sequencing depths approximately 20,000 times for blood samples and 4,000 times for tissue samples using the Illumina HiSeq-X10 platform (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). Then, the samples and white blood cells were paired to filter out clonal hematopoiesis variants and germline mutations. MuTect2 was used for single-nucleotide variation and insert-deletion variant detection and LUMPY (version 0.2.13) was used for gene fusion detection (16 (link)). The copy number variation was detected using the CNVkit software (v0.9.5). Mutation load of each patient was the sum of the number of detected mutation and ALK mutation abundance was defined as the variant allele fractions of ALK mutations.