Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed as before[22 (link)]. Ki67 (Abcam, #ab15580) and RFP (Rockland, #600–401-379) staining was performed by the institutional Molecular Cytology Core using a Discovery XT system (Ventana Medical Systems, Roche). Slides were either imaged on an Axio wide-field microscope (Zeiss) or scanned with MIRAX scan (Zeiss) and analyzed with Pannoramic Viewer. Ki67 was quantified by manually counting stained nuclei in the field size as indicated. N = 7 and 9 biological replicates for the V558Δ and V558Δ;V653A groups, respectively.