Sarcopenia Diagnosis Using DEXA

Sarcopenia was designated by the International Classification of Disease by World Health Organization (WHO), and its code was ICD-10-CM (M62.84). The presence of sarcopenia was determined by measuring the appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) (QDR4500A; Hologic, Inc., Bedford, MA, USA). The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated as ASM (kg)/BMI (kg/m²). The SMI for sarcopenia determination was <0.789 in males and <0.521 in females, according to the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Sarcopenia Project in the United States [22 (link)]. The investigator determined sarcopenia based on the calculated SMI. The validity and reliability of DEXA are well-established [23 (link),24 (link),25 (link)].