The Jazan Research Ethics Committee of the General Directorate of Health Affairs (Jazan), Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, approved the current study, which complies with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent. A total of 158 age-matched (30–60 years) male and female subjects were recruited for the current case–control study from King Fahad Central Hospital, the outpatient clinic (control), and the Endocrine and Diabetes Center (hypothyroid patients) in the Jazan area of southwest Saudi Arabia. These subjects were chosen at random from a population of Saudis primarily from the Jazan region. Samples were collected during the period from November 2018 to March 2019. At the time of diagnosis, AHT patients had high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone and low levels of free thyroxine, as well as anti-thyroid peroxidase and/or anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies. The healthy control group included subjects who had no history of thyroid or other autoimmune diseases, severe illness, or a chronic inflammatory condition.