Untargeted metabolomics data were performed as described (17 (link)). Metabolites were extracted from plasma samples using acetonitrile (2:1, vol/vol). Stable isotopes caffeine-¹³C3, tyrosine-15N, and progesterone-d9 were used as internal standards. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed with an HPLC-UV, 1220 Infinity (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) coupled with Q Exactive hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA). Reverse phase C18 chromatography was performed with Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm2, 3.5 µm Agilent) and positive electrospray ionization.
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