Epileptic activity of mice induced by tutin was scored for 2 h using a modified Racine scale as follows48 (link): Stage 0: no reaction; Stage 1: facial clonus, including blinking, locomotor whiskers, rhythmic mastication, etc. Stage 2: including stage 1 and rhythmic nodding; Stage 3: fore clonus in addition to stage 2; Stage 4: including stage 3 and standing with hind legs; Stage 5: fall or jump, repeated convulsions or convulsions resulting in death on a stage 4 basis.
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