DWI data were acquired with a Siemens 3 tesla Magnetom Skyra MRI scanner at the Clinical Research and Imaging Centre (CRiCBristol), Bristol, UK. Subjects were placed supine within the 32-channel receive only head-coil by an experienced radiographer, and head movement minimised by means of memory-foam padding. Children wore earplugs and were able to watch a film. A multiband echo-planar imaging sequence was used with the following parameters: TE = 70 ms; TR = 3150 ms; field of view 192 × 192 mm; 60 slices; 2.0 mm isotropic voxels; phase encoding in the anterior-posterior direction, in-plane acceleration factor = 2 (Griswold et al., 2002 (link)), through-plane multi-band factor = 2 (Setsompop et al., 2012 (link)a, b; Moeller et al., 2010 (link)). For the purpose of data averaging and eddy-current distortion correction, two sets of diffusion weighted images were acquired with b = 1,000 s mm-2 in 60 diffusion directions, equally distributed according to an electrostatic repulsion model, as well as 8 interspersed b = 0 images, with one data set acquired with positive phase encoding steps, then repeated with negative steps (so-called, “blip-up”, “blip-down”), giving a total of 136 images.