Protein isolation and Western blotting analysis were performed as previously described.37 (link) Primary antibodies for ATF4, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A (EIF2A), phosphorylated EIF2A(Ser51) [p-EIF2A(Ser51)], and MMP-2 were from Cell Signaling Technology (New England Biolabs, Hitchin, UK), HSPA5 (alias GRP78) from Transduction Lab (BD Biosciences, Wokingham, UK), and TIMP1 from Abcam. The results are shown as follows: Relative Ratio (%) = (Density of Treatment Group/Density of Control) × 100%.
Free full text: Click here