After sterilization and anesthesia by sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg, IP), the proximal shaft of the penis was tied gently by an elastic rubber band, and 0.2 ml of PBS was injected slowly into the middle of the corpus cavernosum (CC) of each rat in group II. Regarding group III, 2 × 106 USCs labeled with a PKH-26 fluorescent cell linker (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, United States) were suspended with the same amount of PBS and injected into the CC of each rat in this group. Lastly, 200 μl of USC-L was injected into the CC of each animal in group IV. The needle and the rubber band were left in place after injection to prevent leakage (Woo et al., 2011 (link); Ouyang et al., 2014 (link)).
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