Paraffin-embedded sections of decalcified femurs were subjected to tartrate-resistant
acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining by using a TRAP/ALP staining kit (Wako Pure Chemical
Industries, Osaka, Japan). The percentage of bone surface covered with osteoclasts was
calculated from TRAP-stained sections by using the Leica Application Suite V4.5 software
(Leica, Wetzlar, Hesse, Germany). Histochemical analyses for COX and succinate
dehydrogenase activities were performed as described previously [18 (link)] by using cryosections (thickness, 10 µm) of renal
or duodenal tissue. Haematoxylin and eosin–stained sections were used for
histopathological analysis of renal tissue.