Genomic DNA was isolated using the InstaGene Matrix (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. All primer sequences for amplification and sequencing were obtained from the MLST Databases of the University of Warwick (www.mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Senterica, accessed on 21 June 2023). The PCR cycling conditions were as indicated in instructions posted on the website. The PCR products were purified using Sephadex G-50 fine resin (GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB, Uppsala, Sweden). Nucleotide cycle-sequencing was performed directly on purified PCR templates using automated Sanger dideoxy chain termination methods and the primers described on the MLST website. Sequences of seven housekeeping genes (aroC, dnaN, hemD, hisD, purE, sucA, and thrA) were compared with those in the MLST database (http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Senterica accessed on 21 June 2023) to obtain the allele number and sequence type (ST) number for each isolate. Sequence information for newly assigned alleles and STs was deposited in the MLST database [17 (link)].
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