The levels of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT, in μkat/L), alkaline phosphatase (ALP, in μkat/L), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, in μkat/L), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT, in μkat/L) and total bilirubin (TBIL, in μmol/L) in blood serum were considered as markers of liver function. Total serum cholesterol (CHOL, mmol/L) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L) were considered as indicators of blood serum lipids. Both liver and lipid biomarkers were measured spectrophotometrically with an Alinity c instrument (©Abbott, Illinois, USA).
8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative stress, was measured in urine by LC–MS/MS following the method described in detail previously (Bláhová et al. 2023 (link)). Briefly, thawed urine samples (500 µL) were spiked with internal standard (15N5-8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine), vortexed, and then lyophilized. After extraction with isopropanol, supernatants were evaporated to dryness and redissolved in 0.1% formic acid (v/v), and the final extracts were stored at -20 °C until LC–MS/MS analysis.
8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative stress, was measured in urine by LC–MS/MS following the method described in detail previously (Bláhová et al. 2023 (link)). Briefly, thawed urine samples (500 µL) were spiked with internal standard (15N5-8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine), vortexed, and then lyophilized. After extraction with isopropanol, supernatants were evaporated to dryness and redissolved in 0.1% formic acid (v/v), and the final extracts were stored at -20 °C until LC–MS/MS analysis.
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