The human Tenon’s capsule fibroblasts (HTFs)-derived iPSCs (TiPSCs) used in this paper have been established before [28 (link)]. Tenon’s capsule samples were obtained with written informed consent in adherence with the Declaration of Helsinki and the ARVO statement on human subjects, and with approval from the institutional review board at ZhongShan Ophthalmic Center (ID: 20140311). HTFs were reprogrammed to TiPSCs by retroviral transduction of OCT4, SOX2, C-Myc and KIF4. The resulting TiPSC colonies were maintained on mitomycin C-inactived mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells in hESC medium as previously described: Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium/F12 (DMEM/F12, 1:1; Gibco; Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with 20% knockout serum replacement, 0.1 mM nonessential amino acids, 1 mM L-glutamine, 0.1 mM β-mercaptoethanol, 50 units/ml penicillin, 50 μg/ml streptomycin (all from Gibco), 10 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; PeproTech, Rocky Hill, NJ), and 5 μg/ml Plasmocin (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA). The medium was changed daily. For further culture, morphologically identifiable differentiated cells were mechanically removed, and TiPSCs were passaged every 5 to 6 days. All of the cells used in this study were cultured in a 37 °C humidified incubator containing 5% CO2.