IC model was made by injection of cyclophosphamide in the same method as described below.23 (link) To induce IC rats, the rats received intraperitoneal injection with 75 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) every 3 days for 10 days (total of 3 injections). The rats in the control group received an intraperitoneal injection with the same volume of physiological saline on the same schedule. The rats in the PDRN treated groups were intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 mL physiological saline containing 8 mg/kg PDRN (Rejuvenex®, PharmaResearch Products, Pangyo, Korea), once daily for 10 days after IC induction (Figure 1 ). We selected PDRN concentration that was found to be most effective through previous studies20 (link),21 (link) and preliminary experimental result. In order to confirm that the action of PDRN occurs through the adenosine A2A receptor, 8 mg/kg DMPX (Sigma Aldrich Co.) was co-treated with PDRN.![]()
Experimental schedule.
