Differentiated THP-1 macrophages (see above) were pre-treated with either 200 nM solutions of the tested complexes, or 200 nM solution of prednisone dissolved in 0.1% DMF or the vehicle (0.1% (v/v) DMF solution) for 1 h, as described previously [54 (link),59 (link)]. The concentration of TNF-α was measured using a Human TNF-α ELISA Kit (Diaclone, Besançon, France), according to the manufacturer’s manual. Each experiment was conducted in triplicate.
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