HOTAIR enhancers and promoters were cloned into the luciferase reporter plasmid pGL3-Basic; see Supplementary Material, Table S7 for primers. The canonical HOTAIR promoter used in this study incorporated the previously described promoter region and E-box with additional bases either side (29 (link)). MCF7, T47D and MDA-MB-453 cells were transfected in antibiotic-free media with 700 ng of modified pGL3 promoter less reporter plasmids, 20 ng of Renilla and with 1μL of Lipofectamine® 2000 (Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA). 48hours post transfection luciferase readings were measured using a DTX-880 luminometer and Dual-Glo® luciferase reporter kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), following the manufacturer’s recommended protocol. For oestrogen treatment and luciferase reporter levels of HOTAIR promoters and the HDE we followed the previously published method by Tan-Wong et al. (67 (link)).