Household Factors and Child Health

During hospital visits, detailed household data were obtained. The household demographic variables included type of floor (cemented or non-cemented), handwashing practices (before nursing or preparing baby food; after cleaning a child), access and the main source of drinking water (tube well water and non-tube well water), water treatment method (boiled or not), sanitation facilities (improved toilet facility for disposal of human fecal waste available or not), and the use of handwashing materials (water with soap or without soap). Parenteral education (illiterate or below primary level or primary and above), household size (number of children < 5 years of age), family income.