Fifteen to 43 days following ChR2 virus injection, brain slices containing mPFC and/or NAcc were prepared as previously described36 (link). Briefly, animals were decapitated under isoflurane anesthesia and brains rapidly removed and immersed in ice cold cutting solution perfused with 95% oxygen-5% carbon dioxide. Two-hundred μm-thick coronal sections containing mPFC and/or NAcc were then cut using a VTS-1000 vibrating blade microtome (Leica Microsystems). Slices were kept in oxygenated cutting solution at 32° C for 1 hour before being transferred to a recording chamber with regular artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). Slices were imaged using a Leica DM-LFS microscope (Leica Microsystems) captured with SimplePCI software (Hamamatsu Corp.) for areas of strong fluorescence within the target region of interest (mPFC or NAcc), and recordings performed as follows: