Hippocampi from P1 and P45 wild-type and pallid mice were rapidly dissected, and the two halves frozen separately to be used for protein or total RNA extraction (Ghiani et al., 2010 (link); Lee et al., 2018 (link)). For protein extraction, tissue samples were homogenised in lysis buffer [150 mM Tris-HCl, 0.25% (w/v) sodium deoxycholate, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EGTA, 1mM EDTA; 1% (w/v) Triton X-100, 0.1% (w/v) SDS, 1 mM sodium vanadate, 1 mM AEBSF, 10 μg/ml Aprotinin, 10 μg/ml Leupeptin, 10 μg/ml pepstatin, and 4 μM sodium fluoride], and clarified by centrifugation at 14,000 rpm for 15 min. The supernatant was collected, and the total protein concentration was estimated using the ThermoScientific™ Pierce™ BCA (bicinchoninic acid) Protein Assay Kit (Waltham, MA). Total RNA was extracted using the Invitrogen™ TRIzol™ reagent (ThermoFisher; Carlsbad, CA) following the manufacturer’s protocol from P1 wild-type, pallid and sandy, as well as P45 wild-type and pallid hippocampi. Samples were further purified by treatment with Ambion® TURBO DNA-free™ (Life Technologies; Waltham, MA), followed by a second extraction with phenol/chloroform. Sample concentrations and purity were assessed using a ThermoScientific™ NanoDrop™ One Microvolume UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (Canoga Park, CA).