The NASH score and fibrosis score were assessed on liver sections by a certified pathologist as described elsewhere (8 (link),9 (link)). The NASH Clinical Research Network system for scoring activity and fibrosis in NAFLD was used to calculate the NAFLD Activity Score ranging 0–8 (10 (link)).The activity score is graded according to the intensity of necroinflammatory lesions (A0 = no activity, A1 = mild activity, A2 = moderate activity, and A3 = severe activity), and the fibrosis score is assessed on a five-point scale (F0 = no fibrosis, F1 = portal fibrosis without septa, F2 = few septa, F3 = numerous septa without cirrhosis, and F4 = cirrhosis) (11 (link)). Liver volume was quantified by magnetic resonance imaging (Achieva XR, Philips Healthcare, Best, the Netherlands; N = 42) and calculated by an adapted software package (Matlab; MathWorks, Natick, MA).