The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity assay
followed the method of Lim et al. (2023) with slight modifications.31 (link) The positive control used is ascorbic acid (AA)
with a concentration ranging from 0 to 25 μg. In 1.5 mL microcentrifuge
tubes, 50 μL of the positive control or the extracts was allowed
to react with 1 mL of 0.1 mM DPPH in the dark for 30 min. The blank
set (negative control) is prepared by adding 1 mL of methanol instead
of DPPH into the 50 μL extract samples and positive control.
Absorbance of the reaction and blank sets was measured at 518 nm using
a UV–vis spectrophotometer microplate reader (TECAN, infinite
M200 PRO). The half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) is calculated from the linear regression equation of the DPPH scavenging
activity scatter plot against the sample concentration.