The VitaPan classical shade guide (Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Säckingen, Germany) assessments were performed by a blind trained operator immediately after the samples came from the laboratory; these assessments were considered as „before.” Ahead of each measurement, the cases were lightly rinsed with distilled water and air-dried. The colors of specimens were assessed with a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade® Compact, Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Säckingen, Germany) version V against a gray background to mimic the non-existence of light in the oral cavity. This action was done in accordance with the VitaPan shade guide according to ISO/TR 28642: 2016. All specimens were chromatically assessed 3 times, and the median values were determined [31 (link),32 ].