nitrate (AgNO3), sodium borohydride (NaBH4),
trisodium citrate
(Na3C6H5O7), copper(II)
sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O), gallic
acid or 3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid, quercetin (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one), ascorbic acid, Folin–Ciocalteu
reagent, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), aluminum chloride
(AlCl3), methanol acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, ethyl
acetate, 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid (DNS), sodium hydroxide, phenol, potassium sodium tartrate (Rochelle salt), sodium sulfite, glucose, ammonium molybdate, sulfuric acid, sodium
phosphate, potassium phosphate dibasic anhydrous,
potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]), trichloroacetic acid, ferric chloride (FeCl3), 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), capsaicin (C18H27NO3), and dihydrocapsaicin (C18H29NO3). All chemicals used were commercially
purchased and used without any further treatment (Sigma-Aldrich).