SVF was prepared as reported55 (link),59 (link),60 (link). Briefly, inguinal SAT or VAT were isolated from euthanized mice, minced and digested for 60 min in DMEM containing collagenase type I (2 mg/ml per gram of tissue; Invitrogen) at 37°C. Cell suspensions were then filtered through a 40-μm cell strainer and the SVF was collected as a pellet after centrifugation at 500g for 5 min. After RBC lysis, cells were stained with anti-CD45 (30-F11, BD), anti-F4/80 (clone BM8, BioLegend), anti-CD11b (M1/70, BD), anti-CD11c (HL3, BD), anti-CD206 (c06802, BioLegend; MR5D3, Acris), anti-TNF (MP6-XT22, BioLegend), anti-iNOS (CXNFT, eBioscience) and anti-CD49d [clone PS/2, AbD Serotec or clone 9C10(MFR4.B), BioLegend]. Cells were analyzed in a FACS Canto II flow cytometer (BD).