Necropsy was performed on all subjects. Tissue samples of all major organs were collected for histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination, immersion-fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, and processed for histopathology as previously described (20 (link)). For immuno-histochemistry, specific anti-NiV immunoreactivity was detected using an anti-NiV N protein rabbit primary antibody at a 1:5000 dilution (12 ). In brief, tissue sections were processed for immunohistochemistry using the Dako Autostainer. Secondary antibody used was biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Vector Laboratories) at 1:200 followed by Dako LSAB2 streptavidin–horseradish peroxidase. Slides were developed with Dako DAB chromagen and counterstained with hematoxylin. Nonimmune rabbit IgG was used as a negative control.