Evaluating GLT and Chemotherapy Efficacy

The animal studies were approved by the University of Oklahoma Animal Facility under the guidance of IACUC and were performed as described previously [32 (link)]. Briefly, female athymic nude mice (NCr-nu; 6–8 weeks old, ENVIGO Laboratories) were subcutaneously injected with CS-99 cells (1×10⁶/100 μL in Opti-MEM). Once the tumor volume reached approximately 100 mm³, mice were randomized to four different groups receiving vehicle, GLT (Eli-Lilly and company) or standard of care drugs carboplatin (Hospira, Inc.) and paclitaxel (Actavis Pharma, Inc.; CT) or GLT+ carboplatin and paclitaxel. GLT was administered orally at 75 mg/kg body weight twice daily for 14 days. carboplatin and paclitaxel were given once weekly by intraperitoneal injection at 50 and 15 mg/kg body weight, respectively [32 (link)]. After two cycles of treatment, mice were followed for tumor growth and euthanized according to IACUC limits (~1500 mm³). Tumor doubling time (DT) was calculated according to Mehrara and colleagues using the equation DT = LN (2)/SGR, and SGR (specific growth rate) = ln(V₂/V₁)/(t₂−t₁) [35 (link)]. In this experiment, we have utilized 7 mice in the vehicle-treated group, 9 mice in GLT group, 7 mice in C + T group and 9 mice in GLT+CT group, respectively.